Prabhakaran founded The Tamil New Movement to advocate for educational equality.
In 1972, the country was renamed Sri Lanka, and Tamil nationalist V. As tensions increased, many disenfranchised Hindu Tamils called for an independent Tamil state, later called Tamil Eelam. The act stoked tension between the groups, which resulted in violent riots that killed and displaced many.
Supporters claimed the act helped distance the nation from its colonial past, whereas opposers claimed it attempted to oppress the Tamil-speaking minority. The government abolished the Senate, nationalized plantations, and declared Sinhala the official language of Ceylon through the Sinhala Only Act. In 1956, Ceylon underwent significant changes to its governmental and social structure.
However, centuries of colonization left severe economic and social scars on the nation, particularly inequality and animosity between the Tamil-speaking minority, concentrated in the country's north, and the Sinhala-speaking majority. After decades of independence movements, Sri Lanka won independence from the British Empire in 1948, establishing itself as Ceylon, the British name for the island.
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